The Impact of Intensive Nursing Interventions on Neonatal Survival in Sokoto State Specialist Hospital
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Background of the Study
Neonatal mortality remains a critical health issue in sub-Saharan Africa, where the neonatal death rate is alarmingly high compared to other regions of the world. In Nigeria, neonatal mortality accounts for approximately 30% of all child deaths (UNICEF, 2024). Many of these deaths are attributed to preventable causes such as prematurity, infections, birth asphyxia, and complications during labor (Eze et al., 2024). Intensive nursing interventions, such as neonatal resuscitation, respiratory support, and the prevention and management of infections, have been shown to significantly improve neonatal survival rates (Zubairu et al., 2023).
Sokoto State Specialist Hospital, located in northern Nigeria, serves as a major referral center for neonates in the region. Despite improvements in healthcare delivery, neonatal mortality remains a major public health concern in Sokoto and surrounding areas. Research has shown that intensive neonatal care, delivered by skilled nurses, can reduce the incidence of neonatal death by addressing critical factors such as respiratory distress and sepsis (Zubairu et al., 2023). However, there is a lack of comprehensive data on the specific role that intensive nursing interventions play in improving neonatal survival rates within the hospital.
This study seeks to examine the impact of intensive nursing interventions on neonatal survival at Sokoto State Specialist Hospital, focusing on identifying which interventions are most effective and exploring potential areas for improvement.
Statement of the Problem
Neonatal mortality remains a persistent issue in Sokoto State, despite efforts to improve healthcare services. One of the main challenges is the limited access to advanced neonatal care, including skilled nursing interventions that are essential for managing high-risk neonates. There is a need for further investigation into how intensive nursing interventions can be optimized to improve neonatal survival in Sokoto State Specialist Hospital, which serves a large population with diverse healthcare needs. The effectiveness of these interventions, as well as barriers such as inadequate training, lack of equipment, and resource limitations, has not been sufficiently explored.
Objectives of the Study
1. To assess the impact of intensive nursing interventions on neonatal survival rates at Sokoto State Specialist Hospital.
2. To identify the specific nursing interventions that contribute most to neonatal survival.
3. To evaluate the barriers to effective nursing care and propose strategies to improve neonatal survival rates.
Research Questions
1. How do intensive nursing interventions impact neonatal survival rates at Sokoto State Specialist Hospital?
2. Which specific nursing interventions are most effective in improving neonatal survival at the hospital?
3. What barriers prevent the effective implementation of intensive nursing care in neonatal units at Sokoto State Specialist Hospital?
Research Hypotheses
1. Intensive nursing interventions significantly improve neonatal survival rates at Sokoto State Specialist Hospital.
2. Certain nursing interventions, such as respiratory support and infection management, are most effective in improving neonatal survival.
3. Barriers to intensive nursing care negatively impact neonatal survival rates at Sokoto State Specialist Hospital.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study will focus on neonatal patients admitted to Sokoto State Specialist Hospital and will evaluate the effectiveness of intensive nursing interventions in reducing neonatal mortality. The study will be limited to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and will not extend to other departments of the hospital. Additionally, the study may be constrained by limited access to historical data on neonatal survival rates and the challenges related to recruitment of participants and obtaining informed consent.
Definitions of Terms
• Neonatal Survival: The survival of a newborn infant from birth to 28 days of life (Zubairu et al., 2023).
• Intensive Nursing Interventions: Specialized nursing care focused on the immediate and ongoing management of critically ill neonates, including respiratory support, infection control, and monitoring (Eze et al., 2024).
• Barriers to Care: Challenges such as inadequate equipment, insufficient training, and lack of resources that hinder the provision of effective neonatal nursing care (Zubairu et al., 2023).
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